It enables prolog programs to dynamically import ontologies and transperantly use the. Natural languages have words for all the operators of firstorder logic, modal logic, and many logics that have yet to be invented. Db 12 may 2014 query rewriting and optimization for ontological databases georg gottlob, university of oxford giorgio orsi, university of oxford andreas pieris, university of oxford ontological queries are evaluated against a knowledge base consisting of an extensional database and an. Fast rule mining in ontological knowledge bases with amie. Jul 22, 2015 recent advances in information extraction have led to huge knowledge bases kbs, which capture knowledge in a machinereadable format. An introduction to ontology engineering university of cape town.
Issn print 20553706 volume 5 journal of applied logics. Ranasinghe international journal of machine learning and computing, vol. Knowledge integration to overcome ontological heterogeneity. Ontologybased representation and reasoning on process models. The goal of dllearner is to provide a dlowlbased machine learning tool to solve supervised learning tasks, extending ilp to dl, owl and the semantic web. Query rewriting and optimization for ontological databases.
Siegel mit sloan school of management 30 wadsworth street, ma, 02142, usa. In particular, can a fragment of asp cover lightweight ontological languages while keeping decidability and efficiency. In other words, an ideal of logic programming is purely declarative programming. Combining semantic web and logic programming for agent. Information integration using contextual knowledge and ontology merging by aykut firat submitted to the sloan school of management on august 27, 2003 in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of doctor of philosophy in management abstract with the advances in telecommunications, and the introduction of the internet, information.
Reasoning about temporal context using ontology and abductive constraint logic programming hongwei zhu, stuart e. Inductive logic programming in an agent system for. Dale jacquette, in handbook of the history of logic, 2009. In this paper we first define what we mean by equational ontological conflicts and then describe a new approach, using constraint logic programming and abductive reasoning, to reconcile such conflicts among disparate information systems. Inductive logic programming ilp can be used to mine logical rules from these kbs, such as if two persons are married, then they usually live in the same city. Home ontologies and logic programming for query answering.
Incidentally, the ontological argument also occupies a. While ilp is a mature field, mining logical rules from kbs is difficult. Ontological reasoning and abductive logic programming for. Execution of a logic program is a theorem proving process. Concerning the first point, a challenging issue is how to adapt or extend answer set programming to represent ontological knowledge. A number of important philosophical problems are at the intersection of logic and ontology. Ontological commitment an overview sciencedirect topics. Integrating ontological reasoning and abductive logic programming for service discovery and contracting by federico chesani, paola mello, marco montali and paolo torroni abstract. Overcoming ontological conflicts in information integration. Theory of generalized annotated logic programming and its. Finally, we discuss how these techniques can be coupled with emerging. If you correctly identify the things that are important to the business, and the relationships between them, then you will have developed a data model in 6th normal form. In this talk, i will explain how a recent generalization of possibilistic logic gpl can be used. The role of logic and ontology in language and reasoning john f.
Both logic and ontology are diverse fields within philosophy and, partly because of this, there is not one single philosophical problem about the relation between them. More simply, an ontology is a way of showing the properties of a subject area and how they are related, by defining a set of. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that combines logic programming with ontological reasoning. Reasoning about temporal context using ontology and. Ontological logic programming, shortly olp, is a novel combination of ontological reasoning and logic programming. An inductive logic programmingbased approach for ontology population from. The proposed approach enables the use of ontological terms i. Amie 20, markov logic structure learning 26, 27, etc. The web ontology language owl is a w3c recommended.
They also have words and phrases for everything that anyone has ever discovered, assumed, or imagined. The role of logic and ontology in language and reasoning. An inductive logic programmingbased approach for ontology. Inductive logic programming, ontology reasoning, and. Logic programming is a programming paradigm which is largely based on formal logic.
Inductive logic programming ilp muggleton, 1990 was. An ontological approach looks at the things the data is about and uses them as the basis for the structure of the data. Overcoming ontological conflicts in information integration aykut firat, stuart madnick and benjamin grosof. May 25, 2011 ontological logic programming murat sensoy a. Inductive logic programming in an agent system for ontological relation extraction m. Integrating ontological reasoning and abductive logic. Vasconcelos computing science university of aberdeen ab24 3ue, aberdeen, uk m. Main purpose is to provide concepts and methods for writing programs correctly, legibly in a way that is easy to modify and reuse. Recent advances in information extraction have led to huge knowledge bases kbs, which capture knowledge in a machinereadable format. It enables prolog programs to dynamically import ontologies and transperantly use the terms from these ontologies. The debates about logic and ontology overlap at various places. Rule definition for managing ontology development springerlink.
This representation is then mapped to an abductive constraint logic programming framework with temporal relations being treated as constraints. We are concerned here with this second, formal approach to the study arguments. A decision support system for food recycling based on constraint logic programming and ontological reasoning federico chesani0 0003 1664 9632 and giuseppe cota20000 0002 3780 6265. Ontology, rules, and logic programming for reasoning and applications rulesreasoninglp agenda logic. A decision support system for food recycling based on constraint logic programming and ontological reasoning federico chesani0 0003 1664 9632 and giuseppe cota20000 0002 3780 6265 and evelina lamma20000 0003 2747 4292 and paola mello0 0002 5929 8193 and fabrizio riguzzi30000 0003 1654 9703 1 dipartimento di informatica scienza e. The approach provides dynamic aspect management for aspectoriented programming in simulation and agent. Logic and ontology stanford encyclopedia of philosophy. Reasoning about temporal context using ontology and abductive constraint logic programming ppswriclp hongwei zhu stuart e. Nonmonotonic logic programs with description logics. Owldl description logics declarative logic programming rules ontology. Smith 2 1 computer laboratory, university of cambridge, cambridge cb2 3qg, england. Inductive logic programming, ontology reasoning, and spatial knowledge.
A mediation engine that implements the framework automatically detects and. Finally, we discuss how these techniques can be coupled with emerging semantic web related technologies and. Examples of this technique are presented utilizing a subset of the owldl. The proposed approach enables the use of ontological terms ie, individuals, classes and properties. Logic programming olp1, a novel approach that combines lp with dlbased onto logical reasoning. A new family of languages for ontology querying by andrea cali 2,3, georg gottlob 1,3. Answer set programming asp is a form of logic programming in which negationasfailure is defined in a purely declarative way, based on the notion of a stable model. Adsif provides a programming paradigm called stateoriented paradigm combining multiparadigms and also has an ontological view. Mining firstorder knowledge from large knowledge bases. In the following we will discuss some paradigmatic debates on the relationship between logic and ontology, divided up by areas of overlap. In computer science and information science, an ontology encompasses a representation, formal naming and definition of the categories, properties and relations between the concepts, data and entities that substantiate one, many or all domains of discourse.
It provides criteria for distinguishing different types of objects concrete and abstract, existent and nonexistent, real and ideal, independent and dependent and their ties relations, dependencies and predication. More broadly, it studies concepts that directly relate to being, in particular becoming, existence, reality, as well as the basic categories of being and their relations. Given the division of ontology into o1o4, and the division of logic into l1l4 we can look at several areas of overlap. Abstract in this paper, we propose ontological logic programming olp, a novel approach that combines logic programming with ontological reasoning. Moreover, logic programming aspect enables us to easily extend the olp interpreter so as to provide, together with answers, explanations of the reasoning which took place. Logic programming robert kowalski 1 introduction the driving force behind logic programming is the idea that a single formalism su. Still, new techniques need to be invented to scale up stateoftheart approaches to knowledge bases of billions of facts. Any program written in a logic programming language is a set of sentences in logical form, expressing facts and rules about some problem domain. Programming is concerned with the logical aspects of program organization. Extending answer set programming using generalized possibilistic logic abstract.
In the multi agent system one agent makes use of inductive logic programming for the rule learning process while another agent is expected to use the learnt rules to identify new relations as well as extract instances of predefined relations. Ontological approach an overview sciencedirect topics. The relation concept as a part of ontological commitment is used as an active programming element. Traditionally listed as a part of the major branch of philosophy known as metaphysics, ontology often deals with questions concerning what entities exist or may be. The proposed approach enables the use of ontological terms directly within logic programs. While ilp is a mature field, mining logical rules from kbs is difficult, because kbs make.
Information integration using contextual knowledge and. Ontology population information extraction pattern learning inductive logic. Financial information integration in the presence of. Programs are written in the language of some logic. The proposed approach enables the use of ontological. Inductive logic programming in an agent system for ontological relation extraction. Download ontological logic programming olp for free. Unfortunately, this has not yet been achieved with current logic programming systems. Major logic programming language families include prolog, answer set programming asp and datalog.
Finally, we discuss how these techniques can be coupled with emerging semantic web related technologies and standards such. Smith 2 1 computer laboratory, university of cambridge, cambridge cb2 3qg, england 2 harlequin limited, barrington, cambridge cb2 5rg, england. In this paper, we propose ontological logic programming olp, a novel approach that combines logic programming with ontological reasoning. Towards integrating fuzzy logic capabilities into an. A meinongian logic of existent and nonexistent objects provides a formal theory of reference and true predication for ordinary discourse, the semantics of ontological commitment, and logic of fiction. Inductive logic programming, ontology reasoning, and spatial. We propose a framework grounded in logic programming for representing and reasoning about business processes from both the. Prolog programming in logic is a representative logic language. Pdf in this paper, we propose ontological logic programming olp, a novel approach that combines logic programming with ontological reasoning. But logic, as this series of volumes proves, is a broad church, with many denominations and communities, coexisting in varying degrees of. The discussion of the foundations also facilitates a systematic survey of variants of the logic programming scheme, like constraint logic programming, deductive databases or concurrent logic programming. However, todays knowledge bases pose several new challenges. Subrahmanian p annotated logics were introduced in 43 and later studied in 5, 7, 31, 32.
Logic, logic programming, ontology, rules ontolog miniseries. Ontolp2015 ontologies and logic programming for query. In addition the the books content in the pdf le, the website accompanying the textbook now has has more materials, notably the slides in pdf, latex source, and ppt, new ontologies for the tutorials and exercises, and additional software for the exercises. Prolog, programming in logic, is a representative lp language, based on a subset of first order predicate logic.
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